Media s Influence On Women Essay - 1628 Words

Media enforces the social-cultural standards, which women are required to follow in order to look and behave in a manner that society considers acceptable. Newspapers, commercials, posters, magazines, fliers, reality shows, and cartoons only name a few of our everyday interaction with the media (Scholar, C.2011). However, these standards presented by media send a false perception of women, thus portraying women in a negative and disrespectful manner. Society views woman as mentally, morally, and physically inferior to men, and media is only highlighting this idea (Scholar, C.2011). In fact, media represents women in a stereotypical form of beauty, they display women as sexual objects, and create the illusion that women are ignorant. To begin with, the media industry has the power to decide what reaches the public’s eye; therefore, they present to the public their versions of what â€Å"beautiful’ women should appear like. The media has created their version of what the â€Å"ideal body† should be. They continuously show the audience photographic images of models that appear extremely thin. Media meticulously chooses women with bodies which media calls â€Å"sexy†. Spectators rarely get a glance of women who are overweight. For example, all of the actress that make an appearance on television shows are below what is considered a healthy weight. Yet, this concept is what media has defined as beautiful, influencing many women to obtain a thin figure. As a result, of these messages sent byShow MoreRelatedThe Media s Influence On Women1729 Words   |  7 PagesThe way the media portrays the female gender is far from realistic, and consequently, the pressure to put your ‘best’ self forward has never been more prevalent. Each time I see a model on the cover of a magazine, or even a slightly altered photo, I find myself making comparisons. Unfortunately, even knowing that most cover images are digitally altered, the question o f how my own body measures up still haunts me. Since the average American female will collect over 250,000 persuasive media messages byRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Women Essay810 Words   |  4 PagesThose media with tendentious views always lead to people deepen misconceptions. The media prefer to use hyper-sexualized images to sell products, ideas, and services keep people’s eyes. In fact, using hyper-sexualized images to sell products, ideas, and services is just good for enterprise, but it will change people’s idea, and keep women in an unfair state. In addition, the media catch people’s mentality, which are people are more interested in what did not know before, or they do not have. ForRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Women1659 Words   |  7 Pagesbehavior as well. Women on television are constantly fighting, backstabbing, and being obnoxious in attempts to be recognized in the celebrity world. The media is the leading outlet to the people of the w orld. It affects everybody whether you want to believe it or not. Body dissatisfaction is defined as â€Å"a negative subjective evaluation of the weight and shape of one’s own body†. (Eating Disorders). Body dissatisfaction is very common in women, but more in young girls. The media portrays women as a prizeRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Women1909 Words   |  8 Pagesdifferent societal views. In America, famous, wealthy women exposed their pregnancy to the whole world. Most celebrities do this through the use of media. The way media revealed child bearing is through nude photos of pregnant celebrities: mothers covering their breasts with one hand, while placing, or holding their baby bump with their other hand. Although many portrayed this act as innocent and beautiful, others claim it is immoral and wrong, believing women should reveal their pregnancy with respect toRead MoreMedia Influence On Women s Body Image1688 Words   |  7 Pagesthe female sex, especial ly through media. â€Å"Americans spend about 68 hours per week exposed to various forms of media† (US Census Bureau 2009). This media exposure through outlets such as t.v., radio, music videos, movies, and the internet, all influence the way people think about gender. The media influence is very evident in the way people view women and think about women in different cultures. Media influence on women creates negative viewpoints with how women view themselves and even how men viewRead MoreMedia s Influence On Beauty Standards Of Women1213 Words   |  5 PagesMedia’s Influence on Beauty Standards of Women There are several types of social standards that are held in the world today. Among those standards are the beauty standards of how women should look. This is one of the most talked about topic of discussions today. It is safe to say that the media is the reason to blame for these undocumented sets of beauty standards that women should abide by because of the types of women that are portrayed through the media. The unrealistic beauty standards the mediaRead MoreSocial Media s Influence On Women1249 Words   |  5 Pages Throughout history women specifically have felt the need to change their physical appearance in order to be accepted by societies beauty ideal. Social media has influenced women to believe that the word â€Å"beauty† defines the outward appearance according to the internets definition — â€Å"beauty is a combination of qualities, such as shape, color, or form, that pleases the aesthetic senses, especially the sight.† The definition itself allows anyone to mistakenly interpret the word â€Å"beauty† to determineRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Women s Body1102 Words   |  5 Pagesthe way women’s bodies are portrayed in the media. This also brings about an even greater problem; the manipulation of photographs. The media have perpetuated what is the ideal weight for a woman thus creating pressures for women to be that ideal. Are the media acting ethically by inaccurately portraying women? Should pictures that are altered carry warning labels? One of the biggest media industries to blame for the thin ideal representation of women is the advertising industry. Unlike journalismRead MoreMedia s Influence On Women s Thin Ideal Essay1538 Words   |  7 Pagesthe poor and marginalized. Working as a community to help those around you through the good and bad times. Having special concern for those in need. men and women who will live not for themselves, but for the service to God, to make those that suffer have the support they need in order to get back on their feet. Media s Influence on Women s Thin-Ideal Internalization Sociocultural factors, or in other words, customs, lifestyles and values that characterize a society or group, play a large partRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Women And Its Consequences On The Society1306 Words   |  6 PagesThe media advertisements promote gender stereotypical images and create a negative impact on the society. The advertisements in any form, such as television ads, magazine photos, textual contents or movies, perpetuate the gender inequality and expect different genders to perform in a certain way only. In her article† Hunger as Ideology,† Susan Bordo analyzed several media advertisements and represented how brand promotions have used gender based identity to increase the demand and desire of their

A Feminist in Action in The Yellow Wallpaper - 1779 Words

The Yellow Wallpaper, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, depicts a woman in isolation, struggling to cope with mental illness, which has been diagnosed by her husband, a physician. Going beyond this surface level, the reader sees the narrator as a developing feminist, struggling with the societal values of the time. As a woman writer in the late nineteenth century, Gilman herself felt the adverse effects of the male-centric society, and consequently, placed many allusions to her own personal struggles as a feminist in her writing. Throughout the story, the narrator undergoes a psychological journey that correlates with the advancement of her mental condition. The restrictions which society places on her as a woman have a worsening†¦show more content†¦This attitude that the narrator possesses is demonstrated throughout the story by her refusal to confront her husband. Although she frequently disagrees with his prescription for treating her illness, she never openly questions his skills as a physician. She writes in her journal, Personally I disagree with [his] ideas...but what is one to do? (Gilman 577). This quotation epitomizes the inability of women in previous centuries to express their thoughts and feelings. The inability of the narrator to communicate her wishes and feelings is a recurring theme in the story. The lack of expression that the woman displays plays a key role in the worsening of her illness. The narrator tells her husband that she feels uneasy in the house, but his response is that her uneasiness is the result of a draught, and he will shut the window. In another instance, the narrator expresses her dissatisfaction with the yellow wallpaper, and all her husband can respond is, You know the place is doing you good... (Gilman 579). This response from the husband contributes to the building psychosis of the narrator. The woman does what she can to make her husband see her problems, but in the end this effort is in vain because he believes, as a physician, he knows what is best for her. As a result of this fact, the woman struggles to cope with her everyday life, which in actuality is leading herShow MoreRelatedSummary Of The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman And The Novel The Key By Junichiro Tanizaki1694 Words   |  7 Pageseyes of women, would we see the world a different way? Would we all be considered hysterical? Or would we just all be â€Å"normal†? In the short story The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins-Gilman and the novel The Key by Junichiro Tanizaki we see the metamorphosis of two women under two very different scenarios. The unnamed woman in The Yellow Wallpaper is stuck in a room where she transforms into a completely different soul. In The Key, the wife, Ikuko appears to also transition throughout the novelRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesthat wallpaper as I did?† the woman behind the pattern was an image of herself. She has been the one â€Å"stooping and creeping.† The Yellow Wallpaper was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. In the story, three characters are introduced, Jane (the narrator), John, and Jennie. The Yellow Wallpaper is an ironic story that takes us inside the mind and emotions of a woman suffering a slow mental breakdown. The narrator begins to think that another woman is creeping around the room behind the wallpaper, attemptingRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper, By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1271 Words   |  6 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman, author of the novel entitled, The Yellow Wallpaper significantly used the aspects of literature such as genre, stance, and register to express the social message concerning the sufferings that women undergo in their daily affairs. However, most of the females do not have control over the challenges that develop in their surroundings. Gilman also uses the book to entertain the society members thus providing relief to the readers. In essence, the author of the novel aboveRead More Comparing Charlotte Perkins Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper; and Kate Chopins The Story of an Hour1097 Words   |  5 PagesComparing Charlotte Perkins Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper and Kate Cho pins The Story of an Hour The Yellow Wallpaper;, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and The Story of an Hour;, by Kate Chopin, are alike in that both of the women in the stories were controlled by their husbands which caused them to feel an intense desire for freedom. Both stories were also written from a feminist point of view. However, the women in the stories had different life changes and different responses to theirRead More The Yellow Wallpaper as an Attack on Radical Feminism1139 Words   |  5 PagesThe Yellow Wallpaper as an Attack on Radical Feminism  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† explores mental illness and, through this exploration, presents a critique of the place of women in a patriarchal society. Interestingly, Charlotte Perkins Gilman never intended the latter. The primary intent of her short story is to criticize of a physician prescribed treatment called rest cure. The treatment, which she underwent, required female patients to â€Å"’live as domestic a life as possible’† (Gilman)Read MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1547 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman s career as a leading feminists and social activist translated into her writing as did her personal life. Gilman s treatment for her severe depression and feelings of confinement in her marriage were paralleled by the narrator in her shorty story, The Yellow Wallpaper. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860 in Hartford, Connecticut. Her parents, Mary Fitch Perkins and Fredrick Beecher Perkins, divorced in 1869. Her dad, a distinguished librarian and magazine editorRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman699 Words   |  3 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman (July 3, 1860- August 17, 1935) was a feminist, sociologist, novelist, and writer. She started off selling soap bars door to door. She then moved to Pasadena and became part of the social reform movement. In 1896, she represented California as a delegate at the Suffrage Convention in Washington, D.C. and the International Socialist and Labor Congress in England. In 1890, Nationalism was introduced to Gilman. Her poem, â€Å"Similar Cases†, was published the Nationalist magazineRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman871 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1892, a short story by the name of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, a well-known author and feminist of the late 19th century. The story was initially inspired by her personal experiences and the actions that followed after. Although the story was correlated to actual events, many of the scenes described in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† prove to be exaggerated in comparison to the author’s experience. Similarly, the author and narrator of the story (who goes by no name)Read MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper, By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay1687 Words   |  7 PagesImmediately in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† readers are able to tell that the protagonist feels trapped in the room, in which she is being placed. The female narrator also mentions to us that her husband â€Å"John is a physician, and perhaps –– (I would not say it to a living soul, of course, but this is dead paper and a great relief to my mind –– perhaps that is one reason I do not get well faster† (Ste tson 1892, 129). That is to say, this statement clearly indicates thatRead MoreYellow Wallpaper1673 Words   |  7 PagesSvetlana Kryzhanovskaya Prof. Grajeda ENC 3014-MidTerm Paper March 12, 2012 Structuralism amp; Feminist Theory ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’ written by Charlotte Gilman can be affectively analyzed from two schools of thought structuralism and feminist theory. Though structuralists’ deny the work of literature any connection to its author (it must be what it is, no underlying meaning) feminist theory must first and foremost be understood in its historical framework. By the turn of the century, journals

Miss Greenford Free Essays

Miss Greenford sat behind her 95 years old typewriter she inherited from the father to type down a letter to her only son who serves with the US army. She said, †Dear John, I miss you so much, my second baby. Daddy hasn’t being feeling well for the past three months and he is worried he wouldn’t make it before you return from the war. We will write a custom essay sample on Miss Greenford or any similar topic only for you Order Now His wish is to see you before going home. Please do come quickly when you get this letter. Grandma sends her greetings, and Doggy your cat too. While she sat typing, John, in the silence of an explosion from the enemy’s camp, swallowed a bullet. †Retreat everyone†, the General shouted. Lieutenant Jamal from Afghanistan carried his friend on his shoulder and ran into the tent where the nurses tended the wounds of the injured soldiers. †Johnny, Johnny please speak to me. Open your eyes† he solemnly requested but John quietly was giving up the ghost. The only word that came out of his mouth was ‘mama’. Lieut. Jamal cried! He has lost the only friend in the army that cared for him.He remembered how he used to play basketball with John alone as all the guys refused his company and called him names. One day at assembly, it was announced a war has broken up between the US and Russia and all males were entreated to enlist in the army asap. Jamal was frightened to death because he never liked the sound of a gun. Growing up in a ghetto where the father was a warlord, he was called Ja, the whimp. He always hides under the bed during a fight of guns on the streets but John encouraged him that they can do it. He will be there for him anytime and protect him against the bullies. John was the brother Jamal never had. And now he doesn’t know how he can manage without him.Back home, Miss Greenford bought a stamp at the post office, sealed her letter and posted it to his loving son. She can’t wait to see him after eight solid months of separation. This war has had a toll on everyone. Miss Greenford herself has been feeling a severe ache in her left breast lately. Scared of the worst, she has refused to visit the hospital for a checkup. †I need to be strong to take care of my two boys, John and his father†, she always whispers to herself. Three weeks later, on the day Miss Greenford had planned on passing by the post office to check if her son has replied, there was a loud knock on the door which startled even the flower pot on the window pane and it came crushing on the floor.’Who is there?’ she shouted from the kitchen. ‘Friends of John, the voices echoed. Miss Greenford dashed out of the kitchen like a flash of lightening only to get to the door to see men dressed in uniform carrying a coffin. Immediately, she collapsed. She woke up to the news of her husband passing out of cardio attack when he wheeled his chair to the door because he also heard the shout of †friends of John† from his room.†Both my boys had left me, she cried. What does it profit me to be alive and not happy? The two things that gave me joy have been snatched from me, mama†. Old mama Gracie was there to console her daughter. She told her not stop crying. She should spit every phlegm of bitterness out, then she can have her peace. †I have been here before and I know how it feels but don’t worry it will make you stronger. It always does† Your daddy died in the war too. The only man I have ever known tasted death while in an amour defending his country. But he died a happy man. He died knowing that at least he paid his dues to his country. So sad he was before he died when I was pregnant with you for two weeks that the doctor said it is a girl. We had both been praying for a boy, but he prayed more fervently because he wanted his son to be a soldier, a protector of the state and dreams of America. Though disappointed, he loved you so very much, my baby. Be glad you gave daddy a soldier, now his soul will rest in peace. How to cite Miss Greenford, Papers

Management Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility

Question: Discuss about the Management for Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility. Answer: Introduction: The article is written in Dec 2002 by Brenda E. Joyner, associate professor at Loyala university and Dinah Payne, professor at University of New Orleans. Importance of business ethics, corporate social responsibility in an organization are studied and discussed here. Articles talks about the social and personal benefits of the ethics for both employees and organization by taking us through various researches and literatures. With the growing work pressure and competition among the companies, work place has become more pitiable. Work ethics have been emerged and evaluated as the necessity of the time. Organizations are putting more emphasis on social ethics and corporate social responsibility. Article discussed this evaluation while supporting the concept by business ethics statistics and literature reviews. It has shown that business has become more profitable and social because of this. It states the reasons why business should engaged in business ethics. Businesss only responsibility should be to increase the profits then why it is engaging in social responsibility. Employees who are happy with their organizations ethics are more committed towards their work. But then, what is right or wrong? Definitions of ethics are elaborated to emphasis their actual importance. Values, ethics and integrity are subjective terms and depend person to person. They can change with generations and organizations. Even dictionary meaning cant be interpreted equally by all. (Payne, 2002) Literature review clarifies the evaluation of business ethics and its impact on the organization and society. Evolving concepts includes the practices followed by the organization and the requirement of ethics felt by them. Authors collected the data through interview and secondary resources to connect the link values, ethics and corporate social responsibility. Based on the questions asked to persons, they categorised the responses in three categories and analysed it. They connected the three concepts. This study does not conclude the financial gains from ethics and values. Findings of the article communicates about the economic responsibility, ethical responsibility, legal and discretionary responsibilities of any organization towards society. Customers want to associate themselves with the organization with good social practices. Many studies have shown that good ethics leads to good profits. Profitability measures include overall performance of the organization and its stakeholders which causes these results. Organization only want to increase this profit but it also includes employees and customers. Satisfied employees and happy customers can be a way for this. It is a truth that business and society cant exist without each other. They are supporting pillar for each other. Thats why business must have to acknowledge the societys demand of ethical practices. Employees are also part of society and organization also, so, they want to link their identity with ethically good both in organization and the society. Beer company represents this nicely. It sales beer along with the warning messages that it can harm the health of the consumer. Companies are bound to enforce corporate social responsibility norms legally otherwise c ustomers as well as government will push them hard out of the business. (Agle, 2008) To be consistent in the study; values, ethics and corporate social responsibilities are defined here. Values are the core set principles and beliefs desired by everyone. It forms a social culture by combining with behaviour, belief and attitude of individual or society. This culture is transmitted to generations with successions. Ethics are defined as the right or wrong doing of behaviour or practices. According to Velasquez (1999), normal judgement outlines right or wrong based on moral decisions. These judgements ascribe value to actions. Business ethics is the connection of ethics with the business. A business which operates with a moral evaluation of individual and organization is implementing this concept. There can be subjective or objective morality. Objective morality is the social laws whereas subjective morality is the ones own beliefs to the correctness of any actions. Definitions of morality and ethics can be used interchangeably. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is defined as discretionary activities of business which are categorised as legally or ethical right and beneficial for the society. Organizational social performance model is developed by Archie Carrol (1979) to integrate all the dimensions of the social responsibilities into firms culture. These dimensions contains social responsibilities which are economic, legal, ethical and discretionary responsibilities. Another dimension represents the philosophy of social responsiveness. It directs the organizations response towards social issues. These philosophies are: reactive, defensive and responsive. Reactive philosophy react to an application of external force like law or government. Defensive philosophy address issues to escape from it. Responsive philosophy address social issues voluntarily to resolve them. (Groves LaRocca, 2011) Third dimension of the model is the social issues. These issues are not static and keep on changing as the society ch anges. Carrolls model clears that firms stakeholders are important in ethical decision making process. These three dimensions are interdependent and interrelated. Ethics is derived from values which is also dependent on social responsibility of the organization. Spiral of culture values, beliefs, attitude and behaviour which affects the ethics of the business. Economic Responsibilities: Responsibilities are categorised based on the data collection and analysis of the same. Economic responsibility of any organization is to make maximum profits by producing goods and providing services. Sometimes it is considered that a business is not a philanthropic service to make all people in the society happy. If it tries to do the same it will lose the business profit margins. Organizations who are focused on the profits felt that implementing Carrolls model make them more profitable. They followed CSR not because of defensive philosophy but to increase their profit margins. They realized that CSR increases their economic gains by increasing customer loyalty and thus sales. (Kim Kim, 2009) Legal Responsibility: Carrolls second most important element was to obey societal laws. Some laws are meant to be followed by the firms. Like drug company follows the law of providing safer work place for its employees. Testing of drugs is implemented here. Rather than waiting for employees to be injured, it followed proactive philosophy to address social issue of drug abuse at workplace. Ethical Responsibilities: A firms ethical rules should meet the expectation of the societal norms. Firm should have a faith in the law and its importance. It is questionable whether company should do it only to avoid loss or because it is ethically correct. Organizations do not do only to avoid it losses, they do it boost employees faith and their ethical culture. This is a proactive philosophy to cultivate the reputation of the firm as fair and honest company. Discretionary Responsibilities: Some companies are working for the society not because it is compulsory for them or they would be promoting their bad image. But they do social work because they like to do it for their own satisfaction. Some organizations get additional profits for doing this like an extra contract or any other reward. Initial motivation is always the correctness of the action which results in good outcomes. (Lindgreen, Swaen, Maon, 2008) This article identified the implementations and importance of values, ethics and corporate social responsibilities. Organization gain profit by following ethical practices. These gains may not be financial. But, self -satisfaction and reputation building help them to build long term relationships with both customer and the society. The results of the paper cant be generalized for every industry or firm although these practices are followed in almost all industries. Organizations can hire consultants for implementing these strategies in their organizations. There might not be short term profits from them but in the longer run they are going to enhance the profits and the organizational culture. Bibliography Payne, B. E. (2002). evolution and Implementation: a study of values, business ethics and corporate social responsibility. business ethics, 297. Agle, B. R. (2008). Business ethics quarterly: Stakeholder theory, ethics, corporate social responsibility family enterprise. Business Ethics Quarterly, 18(01), 444446. doi:10.1017/s1052150x00013130 Groves, K. S., LaRocca, M. A. (2011). An empirical study of leader ethical values, Transformational and Transactional leadership, and follower attitudes toward corporate social responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 103(4), 511528. doi:10.1007/s10551-011-0877-y Kim, Y., Kim, S.-Y. (2009). The influence of cultural values on perceptions of corporate social responsibility: Application of Hofstedes dimensions to Korean public relations practitioners. Journal of Business Ethics, 91(4), 485500. doi:10.1007/s10551-009-0095-z Lindgreen, A., Swaen, V., Maon, F. (2008). Introduction: Corporate social responsibility implementation. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(S2), 251256. doi:10.1007/s10551-008-9732-1

Media Effect on Islam as a Religion

Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand

Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand (sometimes called simply Cross Elasticity of Demand) is an expression of the degree to which the demand for one product lets call this Product A changes when the price of Product B changes. Stated in the abstract, this might seem a little difficult to grasp, but an example or two  makes the concept clear its not difficult.   Examples of Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand Assume for a moment youve been lucky enough to get in on the ground floor of the Greek Yogurt craze. Your Greek yogurt product B, is immensely popular, allowing you to increase the single cup price from around $0.90 a cup to $1.50 a cup. Now, in fact, you may continue to do well, but at least some persons will revert back to the good old non-Greek yogurt (Product A) at the $.090/cup price. By changing the price of Product B youve increased the demand for Product A, even though theyre not highly similar products. In fact, they can be quite similar or quite different the essential point is that there will often be some correlation, strong, weak or even negative between the demand for one product when the price of another one changes. At other times, there may be no correlation. Substitute Goods The aspirin example shows what happens to the demand for good B when the price of good A increases. Manufacturer As price has increased, demand for its aspirin product (for which there are many substitute goods)  decreases. Since aspirin is so widely available, there probably wont be a great increase in each of these many other brands; however, in instances where there are only a few substitutes, or perhaps only one, the demand increase may be marked. Gasoline vs. electric automobiles is an interesting instance of this. In practice, there really are only a few automobile alternatives: gasoline automobiles, diesel, and electrics. Gasoline and diesel  prices, as youll remember, have been extremely volatile since the late 1980s. As U.S. gasoline prices reached $5/gallon in some West Coast cities, the demand for electric cars increased. However, since 2014 gasoline prices have fallen. With that, demand for electrics fell with them, putting automobile manufacturers in a peculiar bind. They needed to sell electrics to keep their fleet mileage averages down, but consumers began buying gasoline trucks and larger gasoline autos again. This forced manufacturers Fiat/Dodge  is a case in point to lower the price of electrics below their actual production cost in order to keep selling gasoline-powered trucks and muscle cars without triggering a federal government penalty.   Complimentary Goods A local Seattle band has a breakthrough hit millions and millions of streams, many, many downloads and a  hundred thousand albums sold, all in a few weeks. The band begins touring and in response to demand, ticket prices begin climbing. But now something interesting happens: as the ticket prices increase, the audience becomes smaller no problem so far because whats happening essentially is that the band is playing smaller venues but at greatly increased ticket prices still a win. But then, the bands management sees a problem. As the audience grows smaller, so do the sales of all those high mark-up collectibles band T-shirts, coffee mugs, photo albums and so on: the  merch. Our Seattle band has more than doubled the ticket price at $60.00 and is still selling about half as many tickets at each venue.  So far so good: 500 tickets times $60.00 is more money than 1,000 tickets times $25.00. However, the band had enjoyed robust merch sales averaging $35 a head. Now the equation looks a little different: 500 tix x $(60.00 $35.00) is less than 1,000 tix x ($25.0035). The drop in ticket sales at a higher price created a proportionate drop in merch sales. The two products are complementary. As the price increases for band tickets, the demand for band merch drops.   The Formula You can calculate the Cross Price Elasticity of Demand (CPoD) as follows: CPEoD (% Change in Quantity Demand for Good A)  Ãƒ · (% Change in Price for Good A)

Finance and Accounting in the Entrepreneurship Business coursework Essay

Finance and Accounting in the Entrepreneurship Business coursework - Essay Example ase of the demand for the slap-up industrial coating material in the market, the SIJIA Industrial Material intends to come into the market of advanced PVC used as slap-up industrial coating material. According to the research, the demand for slap-up industrial coating material increases more rapidly than the supply. There are less than 10 manufactures which produce slap-up industrial coating material exclusively. Although some manufactures which produce mid/low end products whilst supplying the slap-up products, the scales are very small. And some of our existing customers are willing to purchase our slap-up products if we supply. The current thinking in Financial Management is that financial managers do not perform the role of goal keeping of financial data and information, and arranging funds, whenever directed to do so by the Board of Directors of Companies. Rather, financial managers perform key roles in top management areas by solving complex management problems. Financial management is a concept which deals with the efficient and effective use of economic resources, such as capital funds, in a most appropriate manner. Moreover, the concept of both finance and accounting is closely inter-related. As a finance manager, it is essential to provide a thorough analysis of almost all areas of business, to order to ensure the beneficial applicability of plans, policies and procedures. Finance managers lay stress on making judicious judgments on the profitability, solvency, liquidity, and growth aspects of the firm. Financial data occupy a bottom slot in business planning, albeit an important one, in business co ncepts and performance of the management team. Income statements are simple and straightforward reports on the proposed businesss cash-generating abilities. The advanced PVC used as slap-up industrial coating material is an important kind of the material for uniform such as the environment-protecting people’s clothes which require the highly damp proof

Explain which early Tokugawa reforms did the most to stabilize Japan Essay

Explain which early Tokugawa reforms did the most to stabilize Japan and perpetuate Tokugawa rule - Essay Example At the beginning of the Tokugawa period, Japan was shaken by internal disorder and social unrest. In order to restore stability and order, the Tokugawa rulers established a social hierarchy, based on the principles of Confucianism (Hunter; Murphy). Many samurai were disposed of their land, which was concentrated in the hands of the daimyo. The daimyo were put under the direct control of the Shogunate. The land owners were located in the city of Edo, and this social organization was based on inherited position rather than personal merits. It was horizontal in the sense that at the top there was the Emperor, as well as the Shoguns and the daimyo. The lower layer consisted of samurai, followed by peasants, craftsman and merchants. The social structure during the Edo period was an interesting way for the Tokugawa to stabilize the country and to maintain order. The system was elitist in a way that the resources of the country were vested in the hands of very few people, which were under the control of the Shogunate. This hereditary form of autocracy prevented economic and social disputes and riots over land or economic predominance. The social order established by the Tokugawa was a centralized form of governance, which carried some of the features of European feudalism. Another reform, which created stability during the Tokugawa period, was Japan’s transition from trade openness to seclusion. At the beginning of the Tokugawa rule, foreign trade with Europe and the Americas was restricted (Hunter, Murphy). The reason for this major shift in external relations was the Tokugawa fear from the spread of Catholicism in Europe. Although some historians argue that the restrictions on foreign trade, imposed by To kugawa set the beginning of Japan’s economic isolation, they were also a form of protectionism which made Japan impervious to foreign influence. Explain which Meiji era reforms did the most to transform Japan into a modern nation and major military power The Meiji period was a benchmark in Japanese modern history, and marked the beginning of Japan’s ascent to economic and military supremacy. Economically, the Meiji period marked a tremendous shift from the policy of isolation and trade protectionism, which was characteristic of the Tokugawa rule. During the Meiji period, Japan opened its economic borders, and adopted open market economy, based on the Western capitalist model (Hunter, Murphy). The rationale behind the adoption of free market economy was to boost independent entrepreneurs, which at the time were the main component of the Japanese private sector. Open market economy increased competition and industrialization, which quickly transformed Japan from economic ally secluded nation, to one of Asia’s rising economic powers. The implementation of open economy allowed Japan to borrow expertise, knowledge and technology from the developed West, which soon made the country Asia’s leading manufacturer of goods. Other economic reforms included improved banking system and the adoption of unified national currency – the yen. The transformation of Japan in the Meiji period continued with the modernization of the military sector. This period saw the government’s effort to create a small, but well trained army. Army conscription was made compulsory for all men. Japan exchanged military expertise and training with developed nations such as France and USA.

Using GIS Profiling to Solve Serial Burglaries Research Paper

Using GIS Profiling to Solve Serial Burglaries - Research Paper Example It then elaborates on GIS tool and its appropriateness in solving serial crime using geographic profiling. More significantly, the paper relates geographic profiling to solving serial burglaries. Serial crimes are illegal acts that warrant punishment based on criminal law. They are crime defined by repetitive nature. Serial crimes include murder, rape, arson, bombing, and robbery. Serial criminals frequently develop behaviors of committing the same type of crime in a similar manner. Sequence of crimes committed by the same lawbreaker constitutes serial crimes that law enforcement agencies files. Studies relate serial criminals to immoral upbringing or environment. Advancements in technology have contributed to increased serial crimes around the globe. Criminals are highly innovative and frequently adopt emerging technology advancements before criminal agencies acquire such technologies. Such innovative criminals have also acquired similar crime tracking devices used by law enforcement agencies. For instance, innovative criminals have encrypted radio communication networks of state agencies.’ Insecurity cases have increased around the globe because of innovativeness of criminals. Criminals have devised advanced systems of committing a crime and escaping from law enforcement agencies. For instance, Serial killers and terrorists use modern communication technologies such as satellite imagery, night vision goggles and smart phones in locating their targets and enemies. Evidence also exists of terrorists who have formed operations centers for monitoring social networks, videos, and global news broadcasts. Serial killers such as the 2008 Mumbai terrorists used modern weapons such as AK-47s, hand grenades, and explosives (Goodman, 2014, p. 1). The terrorists employed use of search engines in planning the attacks and in identifying specific hostages.

Missionary Journeys And Strategy Of Paul Religion Essay

Missionary Journeys And Strategy Of Paul Religion Essay The purpose of this essay is to describe appropriate examples and strategy Paul used for his missionary journey that can be considered for 21st Century missions. The way I plan to structure my essay; I will explore theology books to find out what the authors say of Pauls missionary journeys. I will compare the authors opinions and then I will search the Bible scripture and give reference as evidence. I will begin my essay and describe from the book of Acts the call of God upon the Apostle Pauls life to the mission fields. The book of Acts describe how the Apostle Paul became a missionary (Acts 9) says Paul had a supernatural encounter with the Lord Jesus on the road to Damascus. Paul was temporarily with out vision. A disciple named Ananias had a vision of the Lord that he should go and pray for Paul. Ananias prayed for Paul and his sight was restored. (Acts 9:20) Paul was filled with the Holy Spirit and he went out to the Synagogue and preached the Gospel. The Bible says in (Acts 13:2-3) the Apostle Paul gave himself as an example to follow Jesus Christ, Paul fasted and prayed when Paul received the baptism of the Holy Spirit, he preached in different parts of the world for Jesus Christ. (Acts 16:13) says when Paul went to Philippi he had a prayer meeting at the riverside. Paul prayed and miracles happened, the Holy Spirit used him. B. Paul used the name of Jesus. The authors give reference to scholars who write their opinion of the missionary work Paul did. J. Louis Martyn, refers to Wilckens and Vielhauer who says how extensively however, did he function as a teacher of the scriptures? Specifically, did he take it as one of his tasks regularly to offer lengthy and detailed exegetical discourses to his congregations? His letters suggest no such thing. . Geoffrey Harris wrote first, his methods of reaching out to the Gentile world by first creating a Jewish Christian community; then, identifying and training leaders for the nascent churches; third, by deepening understanding of and commitment to the gospel in order to strengthen the churches in maturity. . Joseph Plevnik gives reference to Fitzmyer, he says what the apostle inherited from his Hellenistic and Jewish backgrounds, what he borrowed from tradition, and what he arrived at through his missionary experience, is all uniquely transformed by his knowledge of Christ, which he received at Damascus. . I have studied the theories of J. Louis Martyn and Geoffrey Harris, and Joseph Plevnik; The following Bible scriptures say Paul was dependent on the Holy Spirit. (1 Corinthians 2:13) and (1 Corinthians 2: 4) (Luke 4:16-20) The Bible scriptures say Paul taught from scripture, he preached the gospel in the synagogues. (Acts 17:1) says Paul preached at a synagogues at Thessalonica, (Acts 14: 9-10) says Paul prayed for a crippled man with faith and told him to stand up the man was healed. J. Louis Martyn, who referred to Wilckens and Vielhauer goes on to say, that Paul made verbal attacks against scriptural instructions. The book of (Acts 17:16) says Paul was angered when he saw Athens, because the city of Athens was given to idols. I have studied the Bible scriptures and compared the authors opinions and I dont share the same view as, Wilckens and Vielhauer, however I have found Geoffrey Harris and Joseph Plevniks, opinions to be scriptural I prefer their views. Geoffrey Harris describes the strategy, Paul used to establish the churches. Joseph Plevnik says Paul received his knowledge through the experience he had with Jesus Christ on the road to Damascus. The Bible says, Paul wrote letters to Churches in Rome, Ephesians Philippians and Philemon. Paul would start his letters with a greeting and he would end his letters with a farewell (Act 9:15) and (Acts 11:1) say Paul wanted to reach the Jews and the Gentiles with the salvation message of Jesus Christ. The authors Martin Dibelius he refers to critical scholars, Joseph A. Grassi and Bernard T. Smyth describe their opinion of Pauls missionary work in spreading the Gospel. Martin Dibelius, refers to critical scholars and says scholars have referred for instance to improbability of certain scenes, as for example, to the fact that Paul assumes towards the Jewish Christians in Jerusalem a yielding attitude which we cannot possibly believe he would have adopted. . Joseph A. Grassi wrote one of the great reasons why Christianity spread like wildfire through the world in the first three centuries was precisely this that it was a proclamation of freedom addressed to a world. . Bernard T. Smyth, says to get this matter of Paul and prayer into perspective, it is useful to recall how, before the advent of Paul, the young Christian community was already very much a community of prayer. I have studied the theories of Martin Dibelius and Joseph A. Grassi and Bernard T. Smyth. Martin Dibelius referred to critical scholars who said, they cannot possibly believe that Paul, adopted a yielding attitude. The book of (Acts Chapter 9) says after Paul had a supernatural encounter with the Lord Jesus on the Road to Damascus, Paul was supernaturally transformed when he received the baptism of the Holy Spirit. Jesus gave Paul a yielding attitude that enabled him to carry out his missionary work. Joseph A. Grassi describes his beliefs why Christianity spread throughout the world and the announcement of freedom in Christ Jesus. Bernard T. Smyth says that the Early Church was a praying community. The book of (Acts 14:23) says the early Church fasted and prayed. I have compared the views of the critical scholars and Joseph A. Grassi and Bernard T. Smyth, and I prefer the opinions of Joseph A. Grassi and Bernard T. Smyth, in contrast to the critical scholars, they have referred to Biblical scripture. Therefore the balance of the agreement is in favor with the view of Joseph A. Grassi and Bernard T. Smyth. Tom Wright, says Paul urges, the many splendoured wisdom of God must be made known to the principalities and powers in the heavenly places. . Krister Stendahl, says, Paul tells the Church, Jews and Gentiles in Rome, that his call to the mission fields is the plan of God. . I have looked at the views of, Tom Wright, he says Gods word must be made known to the principalities and powers in heavenly places and Krister Stendahl says, Pauls call to the mission fields was Gods plan. The book of (Ephesians 6:12) says the battle is not against flesh or blood but against principalities and powers of darkness in high places. The book of (Acts 13:1-3) says The Holy Spirit selected Paul for his mission work. I have studied the views of the authors and have compared them with the Bible scriptures after analysing the scriptures. I prefer the view of both the authors Tom Wright and Krister Stendahl. C. The Early Church Fasted and Prayed. The book of Acts describes the strategies Paul used for his missionary work. Paul took the message of the Gospel to the Gentiles and taught of the authority of Jesus Christ and his power. The strategy Paul used he fasted and prayed and achieved his missionary journey through prayer. The Bible says Paul would minister to groups of people in the Synagogue; meeting with groups of Christians, in Church is a good way of spreading the Gospel of Jesus Christ, today. Paul wrote letters to communicate to the Churches, at that time there was not the technology there is today, such as the Internet, a telephone Christian television, Christian radio, tapes, or CDs, and DVDs. Today there are Christian organizations, such as Christian training courses, and Bible colleges and Church buildings that can be considered appropriate examples for 21st Century missions.

Defining Family Essay -- Family Psychology

Determining family structure and dynamics as well as defining the family is a complex process. Personally, I come from a very traditional family. Much like the assumptions made by the students in the article Defining Family: Young Adults’ Perceptions of the Parent-Child Bond by Mellisa Holtzman (2008). This is what comes to mind when most people define family; a nuclear family, with married parents, and biological children. However, a family is a complex system and can take on many different forms. Today, in a world of the â€Å"postmodern family† the traditional lines of family structure are blurred. Children may come from diverse types of homes, or a couple, married or not may choose to have no children and consider themselves a family. The roots of these modern families may stem from ethnic origins, sexual orientations, or even seen as a rebellion of sorts from traditional ways. Children may live in homes of single parents, which is an exceedingly more common phenomenon as the divorce rate well publicized at around fifty percent. They may also live with homosexual parents either as a biological child of one partner or adopted by both. Also, the traditional married couple may choose to adopt locally or internationally, potentially blending ethnic backgrounds into one household. Whatever the background of the new nuclear family the challenges and experiences follow similar patterns. This change in family structure and definition has become a very public issue in recent years. According to the U.S. Census Bureau a family is defined as â€Å"two or more persons, including the householder, who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption, and who live together as one household† (www.census.gov). This legal... ...to make dysfunctional environments. Whatever the common thread is that links an individual to their family should be recognized and supported as that is what has shaped us all. Works Cited Family - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. (n.d.). Dictionary and Thesaurus - Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved April 19, 2012, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/family Frequently Asked Questions - U.S Census Bureau. (n.d.). Census Bureau Homepage. Retrieved April 19, 2012, from http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/income/about/faqs.html Holtzman, M. (2008). Defining family: Young adults' perceptions of the parent-child bond. Journal of Family Communication, 8(3), 167-185. Stephen, A. O., & Sabatelli, R. M. (2007). Family interaction: a multigenerational developmental perspective. (4 ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Edu.

People and Civilizations of the Americas

People and Civilizations of the Americas An ancient civilization called Mesoamerican of the Maya developed a written language which enabled scribes to record the important actions of rulers and military events. One of the scribes was called the Mayan Scribe. The Mayan Scribe used a complex writing system to record religious concepts and memorializes the actions of their kings. Lady WacChanil-Ahau, the Maya princess, mounted a litter decorated with rich textiles and animal skins. The Mayans had a urban center called Dos Pilas. Lady Wac-Chanil-Ahau’s destination was the Maya city of Naranjo, where she married a powerful nobleman. Her marriage was eliminated when the regions major military power Caracol, had defeated Naranjo. K’ ak Tiliw Chan Chaak, the son of Lady Wac-Chanil-Ahau, ascended the throne of Naranjo as a five-year-old in 693 C. E . Chaak was a prodigious builder, leaving behind an expanded and beautified capital as part of his legacy. He erected numerous carved stone monuments called stelae celebrated her life. The defeat of the city-states of Tikal and Naranjo by Caracol undermined long-standing commercial and political relations in much of southern Mesoamerica and led to more than a centaury of conflict. Caracol was challenged by the dynasty created at Dos Pilas by the heirs of Lady Wac-Chanil-Ahau. The two shared culture and religion, the great Maya cities stayed divided by the dynastic ambitions of their rulers and by the competition for resources. The people of the Americas were in constant competition for resources as the story of Lady Wac-Chanil-Ahau’s marriage and her role in the development of the Maya dynasty suggested them. Member’s elites organized their societies to meet these challenges, even as their ambition for greater power predictably ignited new conflicts. No single set of political institutions or technologies worked in every environment, and enormous cultural diversity existed in the ancient Americas. Mesoamerica, which is Mexico and northern Central America and the Andean region extraordinarily productive and diversified agriculture. Cities were built that rivaled the capital of the Chinese and Roman Empire in size and beauty. The rest of the hemisphere, indigenous peoples adapted combinations of hunting and agriculture to maintain a wide variety of settlement patters, political forms, and cultural traditions. All cultures and civilizations of America experienced cycles of expansion and contraction as they struggled with the challenges of environmental changes, population growth, social conflicts and war.

Martin Luther King Essay Essays - Community Organizing, Free Essays

Martin Luther King Essay Essays - Community Organizing, Free Essays All people should be treated equally no matter what color skin they have, people deserve to have a chance of a bright future in a world that treats people equally. The importance of the I Have a Dream' speech by Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. is that this speech portrayed the importance of equality between people and a man's passion of building a better world for the future generations. This essay shows that through passion and dedication you can accomplish anything. The I have a Dream' speech by Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. changed the government into what we now live in. It changed so that segregation ended and people where equal. People weren't insulted by the color of their skin but on the personality of the person. It showed the government that all men had rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. wanted to be granted civil rights for African Americans in a peaceful manner than through physical violence. Through this dedication and passion people are now treated with the same chance at success in life within a society who accepts them all equally. Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s speech is important today because without those civil rights many people wouldn't have jobs because of the color of their skin. People wouldn't have the same opportunities as those with civil rights. African Americans wouldn't be able to contribute to society and help make the world a better place. We wouldn't have our first African American president. African Americans wouldn't be able to describe on character because of their skin color. African Americans wouldn't be able to be associated with white people. Everyone deserves to be treated with equal respect and rights. This is important in my life because we do have an African American president. African Americans have contributed to society and have been given the opportunity to make the world a better place. I have African American friends who are outstanding people who are dedicated hard workers. In the future I will be able to work with African Americans and be treated with equal rights. It proves that through the dedication of a few it can affect the future of many. Life is about rights and being treated equally. People are able to have the same opportunities as others and they show society that the government has done the right thin in providing them with civil rights in order to allow everyone a fair chance of success in life. In conclusion, the world is treating everyone with equal respect and dignity no matter what race or skin color they have society accepts everyone. No matter what people say it is within he rights of the government that all people should be treated equally and fairly between each other in a society who will accept them for who they are no matter what their skin color is. That is the importance of the I Have a Dream' Speech.

Richard Avedon Essay

Richard Avedon Essay Richard Avedon Essay Richard Avedon Richard Avedon was an American photographer, born to Jewish/Russian immigrants in New York City. He grew up with fashion as an influence in his daily life with his parents owning and running Avedon Department store on 5th Avenue. Avedon studied at Columbia University briefly before landing a job as an id picture photographer with the camera his father had given him as a gift. He got his first photography job in the fashion business as an advertisement photographer for a dress company. Alexey Brodovitch, the art director for Harper’s Bazaar, soon discovered him in 1944. It was post WWII and Harper’s Bazaar was trying to bring back the glamour of pre-war Paris. Avedon did not like the current trend of perfectly posed and arranged models and preferred to capture his models in action and to put them in situations that told a story. In doing so he created a new standard for fashion photography. Avedon worked as a fashion photographer for Harper’s Bazaar and later, Vogue Magazine to support his personal projects. He traveled for a while taking photojournalism pictures in places like Vietnam but decided that he would rather be a creator than an observer. His personal love in photography was th e face. He made portraits of people where the only subject was the face. There were no backgrounds, no props, nothing to take away from what he was truly interested in. Avedon was not interested in taking nice, flattering portraits that one could see displayed on a mantle piece. He wanted to capture moments of pure emotion. During his photo sessions he would often talk to his subject, studying them and then carefully saying what he believed would invoke an emotional response. During his photo session of the Duke and Duchess of Wellington, he was not satisfied with their â€Å"ladies home journal† poses. He noticed that they had their pug dogs with them and observed their love for dogs. He then said, â€Å" If I seem to hesitate tonight, forgive me, I’m a little disturbed. My cab driver ran over a dog on my way over here.† When their faces fell he took the picture that captured their sadness for the poor deceased dog. He was always prying a little here and there to get the emotional response he needed for his art. Avedon always stated that although the face of the subject does not belong to him, he does have absolute control over the situation at all times in order to create the image needed. Avedon said that he always photographed what he didn’t understand or what he feared. In the beginning of his career as a young man it was women, then it was illness, poverty and loss. In another of his photo sessions he was to photograph Marilyn Monroe. Avedon stated that Marilyn Monroe didn’t exist. She was a creation of Norma Jean’s. When Avedon was shooting Marilyn Monroe, she did Marilyn Monroe. She danced and sang and flirted and twirled around the set for hours. At the end of the night she sat in the corner like a little girl and everything had left her. He never photographed her without her knowledge and as he walked up to her with the camera, she saw he was going to take her picture and

Literacy & Education Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Literacy & Education - Annotated Bibliography Example The objective of the No Child Left Behind Act has been received with mixed feeling among the American society. While some support the legislation, others have vehemently opposed it as regards its impacts on schools. According to the author of this book, many people have narrow comprehension of the content and scope of the NCLB. This book lays a platform for better understanding of the contents and operation of the NCLB. No Child Left Behind’s main objective is â€Å"to improve the reading level of American students† (41). In this book, the authors present a research analysis including several countries to demonstrate and justify that higher education levels promotes national income growth. In their bid to ascertain if education quality improves per capita income, they use the data they obtained from each country. According to the authors, high quality education results into low child mortality rate. The authors argue that education quality significantly influences the number of years one stays in school in open economies compared with closed

The Bottom of the Pyramid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Bottom of the Pyramid - Essay Example Prahalad together with Hart have put forward an opinion that the largest part of the economic market, the fourth and the often forgotten tier has long been hidden in the depths of the marketplace. This tier has never been acknowledged as potential generators of wealth and as a source of innovation by research and development entities (2002). However, this often forgotten, bottom of the social hierarchy, fourth sector has its own set of treasures (Bendell 2005, Viscio and Pasternack 1996). The poor have within them the basic cultural knowledge for innovation and their knowledge of environmental sustainability is quite intimate (Pralahad and Hart 2002). Hence a more full-fledged engagement of this sector within the economy both as producers and consumers will result to a responsible society, marketing strategies that are culturally perceptive and overall will yield a healthy economy. Through these yields the fourth sector might even realize their importance as a generator of wealth, wh ich will naturally lead to their self-determination and empowerment. By harnessing these yields, the fourth tier can very much realize successes similar to those of India and China, opines Prahalad and Hart. However, here it can be argued that if cultural knowledge is valued as intellect, then the fourth sector holds key only for a more integrated world economy with greater participation and products and services that are innovative and ecologically safe, economies that can avoid the mistakes generally made by the developed countries. This argument that the fourth sector holds the key to economic development and social transformation has been countered on several levels, especially by Rost, Ydren and Gustaffen (2006). Most of the points that have been illuminated in these counter arguments have been matters of definition. Moreover the trio, assert that the poor may simply be unwilling or lack the resources to accomplish the transformational business model, put forward by Dr.

Stress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Stress - Essay Example Stress can be explained as bodily reaction of certain agents. Stress is a response state and that its induction depends on the mediation of some appraising, perceiving, or interpreting mechanism. Also stress is defined as "a psychological and physiological response to events that upset our personal balance in some way. These events or demands are known as stressors" (Stress Management 2007). Certain universally adequate stimuli may be expected to lead to stress more rapidly than others, as, for example, cutting off the air supply. The main types of stress are physiological, psychological, and social. Also, it is possible to mention acute and episodic acute stress, chronic and traumatic types of stress (Stress Management 2007). This should lead to a stress state in all persons, with little variation in the rate of its development. However, any less severe stimulation, and particularly where the effectiveness of the stimulation is dependent on prior conditioning (as in the case of social stimuli), will give rise to response patterns that vary greatly from person to person and may induce anxiety or stress much more rapidly in one person than another. The main symptoms of stress are frustration, conflicts, pressure, emotional disorders, aggressiveness or passivity, memory problems and loss of objectivity, anxiety and depression, etc. The main causes of stress are health-related problems such as temperature and heart disease, high blood pressure and diabetes, tautological disorders and illnesses, headaches and inc reasing alcohol use, etc. In other words, there may be specific as well as general causes of distinct stress-related disease patterns. Systemic stress is concerned primarily with the disturbances of tissue systems, psychological stress with cognitive factors leading to the evaluation of threat, and social stress with the disruption of a social unit or system (Davis et al 72). While many believe the three types of stress are related, the nature of this relationship is far from clear. Critics admit that: 'the nature and severity of the stress disorder could depend on at least three factors: (1) the formal characteristics of the environmental demands, (2) the quality of the emotional response generated by the demands, and (3) the processes of coping mobilized by the stressful commerce. (Davis 127). The kind of situation which arouses a stress response in a particular individual must be related to significant events in that person's life (Stress Management 2007). Stress reduction techniques involve humor and self talk, crying and diet. The best techniques to cope with stress are rest and psychical exercises, effective anger management and analysis of the problems. In severe cases, psychologists use tranquilising drugs to treat stress and reduce its negative effects. Treatment may be viewed in these terms as assistance in the effort to reestablish the optimal level of integration which had to be sacrificed for a more tenable level of maintenance. Stress has a negative and harmful impact on human life and performance, and for this reason it is important for an individual to foresee and reduce the amount and impact of stress-related factors on our life. Works Cited Stress management. (n.d.). Davis, M.,

Homicide Investigation Essay Example for Free

Homicide Investigation Essay More work goes into a homicide investigation than what the media alludes to. Television shows like Law and Order, and CSI show an over glorified series of basic investigations as well as highly dramatic interrogation in which each homicide case is solved within a one-hour episode. In reality, a homicide investigation is 20 times more complex than what is aired on prime time television. Cases can take years to solve, and a large number remain open indefinitely. From start to finish, a homicide investigation begins when the first responder arrives on the scene, and ends when the perpetrator is placed behind bars. The goals of an investigation are to see if the death of a person was caused by a criminal act of another individual, as well as determining the person responsible for causing the death. The earlier an investigator arrives on the scene of the crime, the more likely the case is to be solved. â€Å"Medically, death is determined by the cessation of three vital functions: heartbeat, respiration and brain activity. (Hess and Orthmann ) Normally, the first sign of death is when the person has stopped breathing. If a person dies shortly before, or in the presence of an officer, the officer should always try to revive the victim. The person’s pulse should be checked for after breathing has ceased since certain drug over doses cause extremely shallow breathing, and can give the allusion that a person is deceased. The two most important pieces of physical evidence in a homicide investigation are the murder weapon and the victim’s body. Videotaping, photographing, and sketching the crime scene, as well as taking notes are crucial actions in an investigation as well. The evidence that is found must be properly handled and packaged. Physical evidence can be found in an abundance of different places, such as: on the victim, on the suspect, or at the scene of the crime. If the victim is still living, and brought to the hospital, the hospital then becomes a separate crime scene. Discovering the body of the victim, as well as identifying it can help the police tremendously. In some cases, the body of the victim is not found. The perpetrator could have performed any number of disposal techniques such as, dissolving the body in a vat of acid, cutting up the body, burying the body, or burning the body. In cases where the body is buried under ground, the police can use a few different technologies in order to locate it. Magnetometers, metal detectors, ground-penetrating radar, and infrared thermography are the newest technological advances in the police arsenal. Also, cadaver dogs are highly useful since they are specially trained to locate a body by identifying the scent of decomposing human flesh. Once the body has been located, police must identify it. Multiple identification of the deceased victim made by family, friends, or co-workers is ideal since human error is much more likely when under stress. If the victim is disfigured beyond recognition, police examine fingerprints or DNA, which are the two most reliable forms of identification. Fingerprints do not always have available matches in the IAFIS, which is a â€Å"national fingerprint and criminal history system that responds to requests 24 hours a day, 365 days a year to help our local, state, and federal partners—and our own investigators—solve and prevent crime and catch criminals and terrorists. (FBI. gov) DNA analysis allows investigators to rule out that the victim is not a specific person in the event that fingerprints cannot be matched. Investigators must estimate the time of death, or TOD, of a victim in order to acquire an accurate time frame in which the homicide occurred. This estimation is important since it could prove that the suspect could have b een at the scene during the estimated time frame, as well as to the victim’s family for Social Security, and insurance purposes. The post mortem interval (PMI) is the time between when the victim’s death, and when the corpse was discovered. â€Å"Understanding the processes that occur in a body during the PMI can help investigators estimate a time of death. † There are many methods in which forensic scientists can estimate the TOD, but none of them are fool proof. As a result, pathologist can usually find a good estimation of the victims TOD within a few hours of the actual event. When a person first dies, their body stays limp until Rigor Mortis sets in nywhere from ten minutes to several hours afterwards, depending on environmental conditions. Rigor Mortis (Latin for â€Å"stiffness of death†) causes the joints of the body to stiffen as a result of partial contraction in skeletal muscles. The smaller muscles, like those found in the face, are usually affected first. Maximum rigor is normally reached within 12 to 24 hours, and can keep the body rigid for around three days until the muscles begin to decompose. In some cases, usually when the victim is holding something at the TOD, the victim’s hand will tightly close around the object. This is called a cadaveric spasm, and while associated with rigor mortis, the condition is only found in specific muscle groups instead of the entire body. A cadaveric spasm can sometimes help investigators determine if the death was a result of a suicide or a homicide. If a victim is found with a gun in his hand, and the gunshot wound was not inflicted from his own weapon, it is more likely he was trying to defend himself against an armed assailant. Knowing if a person is alive or dead is a very important part of the first responding officer’s job. If the victim is pronounced dead, investigators must find the murder weapon in order to have solid proof that they were killed by someone else. If a body is discovered after a homicide has been committed, investigators must identify it, and determine the time of death, which can be estimated by looking at a number of signs. With all of this work for investigators to do, how can one homicide case be completely solved within a one hour time slot on television?

SQL to Firebase A Metamorphosis

SQL to Firebase A Metamorphosis Abstract Firebase is being extensively used in cross-platform apps for various functionalities, one of them being Realtime Databases. This paper highlights how an RDBMS based database such as MySQL can be converted to a JSON based Firebase Realtime Database for easier readability, multi-device data access and manipulation, and cloud storage for a centralized database. Although MySQL follows a schema for the data and stores information in the form of tables and relations, Firebase stores information in a JSON tree. Conversion of data from the former to the latter depends on how the application queries the database. The paper covers the three basic queries Insertion, Retrieval and Deletion of data. Keywords-Firebase; JSON Objects; MySQL; Realtime Database; With the app market booming and proving to be lucrative, many products and platforms are being launched to make the process of developing and maintaining these apps simple. Firebase, which is one such example, is a cloud based platform for mobile and web application development. It provides backend as a service [1] that includes analytics, real time database, remote configuration for apps, push notifications, multiple authentication types, hosting platform and Admob-which allows developers to monetize their apps by displaying advertisements to name a few. Notably, Firebase is expanding to become a unified app platform for android and iOS. Firebase allows developers to build high quality apps and mix and match the features available to meet their requirements. It is owned by Google and a host of new features were introduced recently in May 2016. [2] The real-time database (a NoSQL database) provided by Firebase is what forms the basis of this paper. Data is stored as JSON (Java Script Object Notation) objects and synchronized in real time to every connected client and remains available even when the app goes offline. [3] It is designed in such a way that only operations that can be executed quickly are allowed which enables a great real time experience. The firebase storage is built for app developers who need to store and serve user generated content, and is backed up by google cloud storage, a powerful, simple and cost effective object storage service. We now turn to relational databases, arguably the most popular kind of database, even today. Data is stored in tables (combination of rows and columns). The concept of schemas is implemented in relational databases. [4] Schema is the blueprint that defines how data is organized. SQL databases are strict to ensure integrity but lack flexibility. It can be difficult when initially developing because one might be unaware of the schema. Once the schema is decided, the developer needs to code accordingly. This can be tedious as designers are strictly bound by the schema. A NoSQL database, like the firebase database is schema-less which in turn provides a lot of flexibility. In summary, relational databases are inflexible but they provide data integrity whereas NoSQL databases are flexible but the data integrity is left to the developer. The Firebase database stores data in the form of a tree. The root node can be compared to the database in case of RDBMS. The root node can have multiple child nodes as shown in figure 1. Figure 1: Structure of a Firebase Database The child nodes in turn can have multiple child nodes and so on. Data, as mentioned before is stored as a key value pair. To access a value, this tree needs to be traversed. [5] Neelima Kuderu in her paper proposed Schema-Migration and Mapping Framework to support developers for automatically migrating relational databases to NoSQL while preserving the semantics of the original database [6]A B M Moniruzzaman in his paper provides classification, characteristics and evaluation of NoSQL databases in Big Data Analytics. The study also provides an independent understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of various NoSQL database approaches to supporting applications that process huge volumes of data; as well as to provide a global overview of this non-relational NoSQL databases. [7]Siim Plangi describes what Backend as a Service is, its advantages, disadvantages. Analysis of one such platform was performed with respect to an Android application and it is concluded that using such platforms is a great way to reduce development time and resources. [8]Ryan Thompson in his paper attempts to determine the sustainability of cloud storage We also get an overview of ev olution of cloud storage moving into the future, and attempt to determine whether integrations into cloud storage can be relied upon to transport vital information.ÂÂ   [9]Navdeep Singh in his paper introduces everyone with Google firebase API and its features. [10]Mital Potey in his paper discusses the study revealing that database management becomes considerably scalable, flexible and efficient when traditional relational databases are complimented by a specifically designed set of alternative databases such as NoSQL, NewSQL based systems. [11]Keith W. HareKeith W. Hare in his paper reviews the features common to the NoSQL databases and compares those features to the features and capabilities of SQL databases. [12] This section highlights the characteristics of Firebase that are not existent in MySQL. Real-time Multi-user Access The application is designed such that multiple people are able to access a centralized database simultaneously. The challenges that arise with maintaining a consistent state are taken care of. There are protocols in place in the event of a conflict. Rollback functions are implicitly called in the event of connection loss or drop to the database. [13] B. Cloud Access Data in all of its forms such as text and images are capable of being stored on the cloud. Since the cloud is the point of access, the database is readily available everywhere, provided the user has the right permissions. In the event that the application is offline, the last synchronized copy of the database is used by the application, hence aiding responsiveness. Once access is regained, the database synchronizes again with the main online database. Cross-Platform API Firebase can be integrated into various platforms that the application is built upon. Hence if one user records in the database, the updates are conveyed to all other uses, be those users are on an iOS, Website or Android platform. The APIs are bundled onto a single SDK hence the enabling the developer to focus less on the infrastructure and more on the customers needs. [14] Online Storage Firebase takes care of storage hence the data is hosted by them. This saves the developer from high investments on hardware for storage and the physical space occupied by it. In some scenarios, this is a vulnerability since the user does not have real custody over the data stored online. In most data-insensitive cases, this fact is overlooked by the user. Firebase, like any other form of service has its fair share of shortcomings. Various application developers have spoken out elucidating the specific issues they have faced while incorporating it. Here are a few common complications: A. High pricing with scalability Firebase charges a fee for the services it provides based on the number of simultaneous connections, size of the data stored, bandwidth per month and automatic backups [15]. Free of charge services are limited up to fifty connections and a hundred megabytes of storage. B. You dont own your data The data that is stored on the database is not owned by you. The bane being that actions such as exporting of the complete database cannot be performed by the user alone. Although this is possible by contacting the Firebase team to do it for you. [16] The boon is highlighted in section III (D). C. Relations are proven to be tedious Due to the structure of Firebase Realtime-Database, formation of relations has proven to be a nightmare to most developers. This is evident and problematic only when the amount of data is scaled multi-folds. Despite all these limitations, Firebase continues to be used extensively to build Minimum Viable Products (MVPs) and first working prototypes at Hackathons and large scale integration by major application enterprises. The section provides an insight as to the conversion of SQL queries to Firebase code. Since Firebase is a multi-platform supported tool, the code is expressed in terms of the logic and algorithm for easy transitioning into the respective programming languages. A. Data Insertion In MySQL, an entry into the database1 takes place with a query such as: -> INSERT into EMPLOYEES -> (UID, Name, Department, Salary) -> VALUES -> (25412, Ajay Patel, Marketing, 45000); Figure 2: A single entry into a SQL Database This exact tuple can be represented in Firebase by administering the following algorithm: An instance of the database is retrieved by first initializing an object of the Database reference. The instance stores a location (usually in the form of a URL pointing to the online reference of the Database) returned by methods of a Firebase object. Now an instance is required to reference the immediate child of the database. Another object of the Database Reference is initialized to the location of the child. The child is uniquely identified by the name (key)given to it. In this case, the first immediate child is the table we are querying, i.e.- Employees. The location is returned by the method of the instance created to reference the database earlier. Once an instance of the table is created and initialized, multiple instances are required to query the attributes of this table. One reference each is initialized using the name to identify each attribute of the child. The location of each of them is returned by the method of the instance created in step 2 for the table we are querying. Finally, each of these references are used to set the desired value required by the user. A methodunder each of these references are called and the desired value is passed as a parameter to the method. A visual representation of the Firebase structure in figure 3 is a tree with Employees as the parent that represent the table and the tuple as a child with the unique reference (in this case, the value 25412). UID is a primary key constraint in the MySQL database. Along the same lines, Firebase uses a key value (in this case UID = 25412) to uniquely identify a child of the parent Employees. As depicted, MySQL stores the data in the form of rows and columns, whereas Firebase employs a JSON tree format. Figure 3: Firebase representation of a single entry. In the case of multiple entries, MySQL uses the query aforementioned, multiple times to enter the data. The resulting table is shown in figure 4. Each call counts to a single tuple containing the information required to query it. Figure 4: Multiple tuples in a MySQL Database Similarly, multiple children are entered into the Firebase database one tuple at a time. Each tuple is encapsulated in the form of a single JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) object.ÂÂ   This is similar to the insertion query in MySQL except the tuple is a single object passed to the database reference. Conversion of tuple data to a JSON object is done using a concept in OOPs (Object Oriented Programming System) called POJO (Plain Old Java Object) class [17]. The data is passed to the getter methods of the object created for that class, each of which is defined for the attributes. Once the values of the object are set, the object is passed to the reference defined earlier and the database is updated. Note that each object holds only the attributes of a single tuple. Figure 5: Multiple children in Firebase Structure. B. Data Retrieval In MySQL, data can be retrieved using the select statement. Constraints can be defined in the statement to show only a certain tuple(s). The following query displays an output as shown in Figure 6. ->SELECT * from EMPLOYEES WHERE UID=32121; Figure 6: Retrieval of a tuple based on condition in MySQL. Firebase provides the functionality of triggering a certain list of methods that notifies the application when data is modified. The method used for this feature takes the location of the child to be monitored and is termed as a listener. The sequence of data retrieval is as follows: The listener is defined from the Firebase reference created previously. The listener has various methods available that enable the developer to employ them for other functionalities. Under the method that is implicitly called whenever a child is added, one of the parameters is the data snapshot that is downloaded from the cloud. Using this data snapshot, the children are identified using their unique IDs and subsequently stored onto variables such as Strings and Integer values. Figure 7: Retrieval of child node with UID = 32121. C. Data Deletion MySQL makes use of DELETE FROM along with a where clause to determine the entry to be deleted. The following query results in a database as depicted in Figure 8. ->DELETE FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE UID=63212; Figure 8: Resultant database after the query is performed. The equivalent of the function in Firebase is as follows. The Firebase reference of the child that needs to be deleted is determined beforehand by identity of the unique ID. Using this reference, a method used to delete the complete child and its reference is called. All the attributes and children under this reference are removed. Figure 9: Firebase database after the entry is deleted. Firebase continues to be the leading BaaS for cross-platform applications that require a real-time database hosted on the cloud. Features and updates are continuously being introduced by Google to overcome the few flaws exhibited by it. Applications built on relational databases that are looking to move to the cloud now have the ability to do so. Firebase has a growing support on various mobile platforms such as iOS and JavaScript based web applications. According to the official Google Blog [18], a few of the future goals of the platform include- lower and simpler pricing, Android and iOS SDKs (Software Development Kits) receive constant offline support and a much-improved UI (User Interface). Overall, Firebase will hopefully continue to provide developers with the tools and support required to radically change how app development is done. Acknowledgment (Heading 5) We would firstly like to thank Prof. H D Phaneendra, Head of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NIE, Mysore for giving us support and opportunity to work on this paper. We would also like to thank Prof. M.J. Yogesh, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NIE for his vital insights and guidance. We also extend our warm regards to all the faculty members of the department for their constant encouragement and invaluable advice.

Discussion in terms of Fayol’s Managerial Functions Essay -- Business

Discussion in terms of Fayol’s Managerial Functions Henri Fayol proposed that all managers perform five management functions. 1- Planning, 2- Organizing, 3- Commanding, 4- Coordinating, 5- Controlling. Most management books still continue to be organized around the management functions, Although they have been condensed down to basic and very important functions. 1- Planning The planning functions involves the process of defining goals, establishing strategies for achieving these goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities. Our instructor also defines or goals which is standard education and successfulness in the exams, according to this concern he establish the ways and strategies that how can we perform well in our exams. 2- Organizing Managers are also responsible for arranging work to accomplish the organization’s goals. This function is called Organizing. It involves the process of determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whome, and where decisions are to be made. 3- Leading When managers motivate subordinates, influence individuals or teams as they work, select the most effective communication channel, or deal in any way with employee behavior issues, the are leading.. Our instructor leading us by motivating through his moral support, he use best channels to teach us, he polish our attitude by using his good behavioral skills. 4- Controlling Management function that involves monitoring actual performance, comparing actual to standard, and taking action, if necessary. Our instructor controlling his class by monitoring the students, he maintain discipline, even threats students if necessary. Discussion in terms of Mintizberg’s Managerial roles Henry Mintzberg, a prominent management researcher says that what managers do can best be described by looking at the roles the play at works. Mintzberg Developed a categorization scheme for defining what managers do. He concluded that managers perform ten (10) different but highly interrelated roles. The managerial Roles. 1- Interpersonal 1- Figurehead 2- Leader 3- Liaison Provide information 2- Informational 1. Monitor 2. Disseminator 3. spokesperson Process information 3- Decisional 1. Entrepreneur 2. Disturbance handler 3. Resource... ... they seldom actually say it, and they never write it down. And the main employment of numbties world-wide is in creating project specifications. You must know this - and protect your team accordingly. 9. Becoming a Great Manager. The first steps to becoming a really great manager are simply common sense; but common sense is not very common. This article suggests some common-sense ideas on the subject of great management. Skills changes according to Management Level The extent to which managers perform the functions of management - planning, organizing, directing, and controlling - varies by level in the management hierarchy. A manager is someone skilled in knowing how to analyze and improve the ability of an organization to survive and grow in a complex and changing world. This means that managers have a set of tools that enable them to grasp the complexity of the organization's environment. 1- Most of the first line manager’s time is allocated to the functions of directing and controlling. 2- Middle management implements top management goals 3- In contrast, top managers spend most of their time on the functions of planning and organizing.

Religious Believers Understand More Essay

To discuss this statement first we must look at the definition of understanding. Religious believers and scientists would probably differ in their definitions and therefore disagree from the beginning. A religious person would perhaps say that understanding the world means knowing how to be a good person, how to live a good life and fulfill God’s plan. A scientist would probably disagree, saying that understanding the world is having a wide knowledge and good comprehension of how the world works including theories like evolution and understanding why and how things occur. Another slight problem with this statement is its implication that one cannot be a religious believer and a scientist when in fact there are many religious scientists who seem to have science and religion existing harmoniously in their lives. If we are defining understanding as understanding how to live a good life, then I believe that the Bible and Religious Believers do understand more about the world than Scientists do. Religious Believers have a better understanding of how the universe and mans place in it was set up, but it’s hard for people to understand correctly because it’s not in scientific terms, it’s in myths and metaphors. You can’t see it with our available scientific instruments, it’s something you experience. Religious Believers have direct guidance from their Holy texts, e.g. for the Jewish faith, the Torah on how to live their life. They are taught, by the Ten Commandments, that they are not to steal, not to commit adultery and not to murder. One criticism of scientists is that a number of assumption are made to give parameters to an experiment. Also perception can be fallible, as we expect to see things, so we see them. We don’t expect to see them, so we miss them out. In response to this, in the parable the invisible gardener; where the religious believer trusts that the gardener came but couldn’t be seen and the other (scientist) believing that there couldn’t be a gardener because there was no empirical evidence of this. This shows that even though there was no evidence of the gardener or God they still hold a belief, whereas the scientist had to be proven. Some claim that believers only want hope. Religious Believers hope for the return of their â€Å"invisible gardener†, while New Atheists (Richard Dawkins and his followers) have no expectations of a new life after death, thereforelive their lives without fear of an almighty God smiting them down. In this situation, one could argue that the Religious Believer is playing it safe, however they still understand the world better, in many cases they see it as an almighty being’s creation. In conclusion, I believe that, although Scientists have proof of the age of the earth, and that they have proven many facts of the Earth, They do not have as good guidance as Religious Believers do on understanding life.

Free Essays on A Marxist Deconstruction Of Capitalism Through The Great Gatsby

A Marxist Deconstruction of Capitalism Through The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald’s renowned masterpiece, The Great Gatsby, creates an artificial world where money is the essence of everyone’s desire. The characters, the setting, and the plot are deeply submerged in a Capitalism that vows to shatter all hope for the American Dream. Fitzgerald’s criticism of Capitalism can be seen as a move to subtly promote Socialism, an ideology (belief system) in which value is placed on the inherent value of an object rather than its market value (Tyson 54). Marxism is a specific branch of Socialist theory and Fitzgerald makes Gatsby a novel that is not innately Marxist or even Socialist, but one that is filled with Marxist theory. He initiates this by presenting the basics of the Capitalist society where nonhumanitarianism (not promoting the welfare of humanity), reification (treating a living thing as an object), and market value are common place. Fitzgerald implies that the Capitalist system is flawed because at the conclusion of the novel, all of the characters that represent typical American Capitalism fall from grace to a world of utter despair. Fitzgerald’s criticisms work to warn 1920’s Americans of their behavior and how destructive it can be. Marxists believe very firmly in humanitarianism; they believe that as humans, we should look out for each other and care for each other, because we are all essentially on the same level. All of the characters in Gatsby nullify this idea, because they all exploit each other. For instance, Gatsby uses Nick to set up a meeting between he and Daisy. The characters also place very little value on individual human beings or on humanity as a whole. Each character is too wrapped up in him/herself that he/she does not take the time to care for others. Class levels are prominent – the rich are drastically separated from the poor, and the rich wish to keep it that way. This is a Capitalist idea... Free Essays on A Marxist Deconstruction Of Capitalism Through The Great Gatsby Free Essays on A Marxist Deconstruction Of Capitalism Through The Great Gatsby A Marxist Deconstruction of Capitalism Through The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald’s renowned masterpiece, The Great Gatsby, creates an artificial world where money is the essence of everyone’s desire. The characters, the setting, and the plot are deeply submerged in a Capitalism that vows to shatter all hope for the American Dream. Fitzgerald’s criticism of Capitalism can be seen as a move to subtly promote Socialism, an ideology (belief system) in which value is placed on the inherent value of an object rather than its market value (Tyson 54). Marxism is a specific branch of Socialist theory and Fitzgerald makes Gatsby a novel that is not innately Marxist or even Socialist, but one that is filled with Marxist theory. He initiates this by presenting the basics of the Capitalist society where nonhumanitarianism (not promoting the welfare of humanity), reification (treating a living thing as an object), and market value are common place. Fitzgerald implies that the Capitalist system is flawed because at the conclusion of the novel, all of the characters that represent typical American Capitalism fall from grace to a world of utter despair. Fitzgerald’s criticisms work to warn 1920’s Americans of their behavior and how destructive it can be. Marxists believe very firmly in humanitarianism; they believe that as humans, we should look out for each other and care for each other, because we are all essentially on the same level. All of the characters in Gatsby nullify this idea, because they all exploit each other. For instance, Gatsby uses Nick to set up a meeting between he and Daisy. The characters also place very little value on individual human beings or on humanity as a whole. Each character is too wrapped up in him/herself that he/she does not take the time to care for others. Class levels are prominent – the rich are drastically separated from the poor, and the rich wish to keep it that way. This is a Capitalist idea...

Free Essays on Afrocentrism

Afrocentrism is many things to many people, from the insistent claims of Leonard Jeffries to the commercialism of the mainstream media. In the last five years it has pushed its way into the American consciousness, both as an academic movement and as an attitude. Several years ago I watched Eddy Murphy as Akenaton, Iman as Nfertiti, and Michael Jackson as a Trickster Imhotep in the music video "Remember the Time." MTV had met Afrocentrism? At any rate, it was an ambitious fantasy set in ancient Egypt for the delectation of Black Americans and, perhaps, the consternation of Whites. Afrocentrists argue that Blacks must see themselves through Black eyes, as agents of history, rather than as simply subjects of investigation. Their view must proceed from an "inside place." Most emphasize the civilizations of northeastern Africa, namely Kemet (Egypt), Nubia, Axum, and Meroe. Early on it was truly a "Black Thing," involving as it did its own conferences, publishing and networks. By 1978 Jay Carruthers' Kemetic Institute was established in Chicago. A year later a similar thematic course was taken by the Institute of Pan-African Studies in Los Angeles. A meeting in that city in 1984, the First Annual Ancient Egyptian Studies resulted in the organization of the Association for the Study of Classical African Civilizations. In the same year Ivan Van Sertima's Nile Valley Civilization group held a major conference. His Journal of African Civilization became a major diffusion point in the burgeoning corpus of Afrocentric literature. In spite of criticism (or maybe because of it), Afrocentrism (or Afrocentricity) was and is spreading. Elementary schools in Atlanta, Washington, D.C., and Detroit, as well as other locales, have initiated new curricula, impelled largely by the demands of parents and students. The African American Baseline Essays, created for the Portland, Oregon, school system, have had a wide impact. Covering a number of disciplines,... Free Essays on Afrocentrism Free Essays on Afrocentrism Afrocentrism is many things to many people, from the insistent claims of Leonard Jeffries to the commercialism of the mainstream media. In the last five years it has pushed its way into the American consciousness, both as an academic movement and as an attitude. Several years ago I watched Eddy Murphy as Akenaton, Iman as Nfertiti, and Michael Jackson as a Trickster Imhotep in the music video "Remember the Time." MTV had met Afrocentrism? At any rate, it was an ambitious fantasy set in ancient Egypt for the delectation of Black Americans and, perhaps, the consternation of Whites. Afrocentrists argue that Blacks must see themselves through Black eyes, as agents of history, rather than as simply subjects of investigation. Their view must proceed from an "inside place." Most emphasize the civilizations of northeastern Africa, namely Kemet (Egypt), Nubia, Axum, and Meroe. Early on it was truly a "Black Thing," involving as it did its own conferences, publishing and networks. By 1978 Jay Carruthers' Kemetic Institute was established in Chicago. A year later a similar thematic course was taken by the Institute of Pan-African Studies in Los Angeles. A meeting in that city in 1984, the First Annual Ancient Egyptian Studies resulted in the organization of the Association for the Study of Classical African Civilizations. In the same year Ivan Van Sertima's Nile Valley Civilization group held a major conference. His Journal of African Civilization became a major diffusion point in the burgeoning corpus of Afrocentric literature. In spite of criticism (or maybe because of it), Afrocentrism (or Afrocentricity) was and is spreading. Elementary schools in Atlanta, Washington, D.C., and Detroit, as well as other locales, have initiated new curricula, impelled largely by the demands of parents and students. The African American Baseline Essays, created for the Portland, Oregon, school system, have had a wide impact. Covering a number of disciplines,...